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debka_notion ([personal profile] debka_notion) wrote2006-12-19 08:01 pm

Halakhic Thought

So the egal minyan at JTS does not give the first and second aliyot to a kohen and levi, respectively. However today the person to whom they gave the first aliyah was a kohen. And they went on about their usual progression, so the next person was not a levi, nor did they give the second aliyah to the same person. And I understand not giving out aliyot based on that status issue, and since it was established for the sake of peace, I wouldn't complain about a minyan that does not hold by it for the sake of peace. But once you do call a kohen for the aliyah- I do wonder what the best choice of action would have been. On the other hand, they had handed out the aliyot in advance, and I know that once you call someone, you don't replace them, even if you should have called someone else- so maybe handing out the aliyot has some of the same status. It's just an interesting thing to think about.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 03:32 am (UTC)(link)
Why is the calling formula "le-aliyah rishonah" as opposed to "rishon" "sheni", etc.? Is there a fear of ranking people as opposed to aliyot?

"not distinguishing between anyone for any reason"

If that's the goal, why do seminary profs get called up with honorifics?

P.S. Surely you mean Ploni Ben Ploni HaKohein uflonit :-)

[identity profile] shirei-shibolim.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 03:59 am (UTC)(link)
Why is the calling formula "le-aliyah rishonah" as opposed to "rishon" "sheni", etc.?

I think it's to avoid the grammatical confusions that arise when one has both male and female olim. Aliyyot do not change gender.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 02:35 pm (UTC)(link)
If so, LAME! :-) I prefer debka_notion's theory, since to paraphrase The Big Lebowski:

"Grammar ignorami! I mean, say what you like about the tenets of radical egalitarianism, Dude, at least it's an ethos!"

[identity profile] shirei-shibolim.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 03:19 pm (UTC)(link)
This might be funnier if I'd ever seen The Big Lebowski. Everyone keeps saying I should.

I can't say for sure that that's the reason. It strikes me as the most logical one, but what makes sense to me isn't always what makes sense to other people.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 05:45 pm (UTC)(link)
Oh, it's funny all right, just not to you! ;-)

The think with TBL is the first time you see it, it's not like a "wow" hilarious movie. It's more subtle than that, and it takes time to grow on you, like a fungus. Or something.

[identity profile] debka-notion.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 04:50 am (UTC)(link)
I've heard people the other formula used, and someone found it objectionable because it did seem like an ordinal attached to the name rather than to the aliyah.

People seem to have no trouble with earned distinctions, especially when all they provide is a title (although lord knows that when the folks at the shul at home tacked on herr doktor before and after the title of rav for the rabbi there right after he got his honorary doctorate for 25 years in the pulpit in addition to his earned doctorate, I started getting squirmy). I'm not fond of the "no distinctions for any reason" theory, myself- it just doesn't quite make sense to me...

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 02:30 pm (UTC)(link)
Fascinating. Given the gemara's concern that the order of aliyot not cause dissention, there must be some teshuva somewhere about someone getting annoyed for getting a higher or lower numbered aliyah. (Of course, you could interpret the numbers two ways: higher number = better because higher, or lower number = better because earlier.) Seems like an issue that deserves some careful research.

"People seem to have no trouble with earned distinctions"

My kashya (not to you, but to the "earned distinctions" people) is to ask: "Who says?" Some people have doctorates that aren't worth the paper they're written on, and we all know the stories about plumbers and street sweepers in 1950s Yerushalayim who knew all of Sha"s by heart.

"I'm not fond of the "no distinctions for any reason" theory, myself- it just doesn't quite make sense to me"

You know I'm with you on this one -- it might be, maybe, a hilkhata de-meshihata, but in the real world I live in it does not correspond either to my lived experience nor to what I consider ideally achievable against my current backdrop. In fact, I think it tends to be quite destructive, allowing us to ignore the very real prejudices we harbor. Plus, it seems to fly in the face of the M. Sanhedrin 4:5 about the utter uniqueness of every human being -- tzelem elokim there doesn't mean that we're all the same, but rather that we're all profoundly unique, and I for one would rather struggle to find everyone's uniqueness (and to preserve rituals one effect of which is to remind us that one's ancestry has profound effects on who one is and one's "role" in society) than to try to lump them all together, effectively obliterating that uniqueness.

[identity profile] debka-notion.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 05:58 pm (UTC)(link)
The question is- have most people with doctorates created something of real worth that is a real achievement by doing so. If so, then I at least think that that's a worthwhile distinction (even if as far as I know, no one with a doctorate should go by Dr. in social contexts). But as far as "who says"- with rabbinic titles, presumably that does apply. I don't know- if someone is ordained by an insitution or individual rabbi you think is heretical/unqualified to ordain/a bunch of idiots with carrots in their ears- would you call them up for an aliyah sans title?

"hilkhata de-meshihata"- this is a new term for me. Define/translate, perhaps?

For me the goal is to recognize uniqueness and at the same time to offer a fairly level playing field for those who want it. And I don't see how specifically not being able to get a particular aliyah really makes a difference in someone's feeling of religious empowerment. And it's traditional, and it does serve a function of identification and a reason to remember our roots- hence I see no reason why giving out a kohen and levi aliyah is such a problem. On the other hand- well, clearly I feel differently about gender-egalitarianism, but perhaps if I hadn't grown up in an egalitarian setting I might feel differently. As it is- in Orthodox contexts, it isn't the seperate seating that I mind, it's not having a Use.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 06:23 pm (UTC)(link)
I think it's tricky; on the one hand, being identified for an aliyah by one's title is a mark of communal acceptance/respect for that person to have that title, and on the other hand, one ought to respect people's individual preferences for being called up. (I wrangled with an Orthodox shul -- where I was visiting as an intern type! -- about calling me up with both my mother's and father's name, as is my minhag. In the end they refused, and I was royally pissed, so I quoted the New Testament by name in my "sermon.")

My point is to say that we often go by presumptions about people without really knowing them and whether they deserve it, and this undermines the sort of true egalitarianism that some people advocate.

Hilkhata de-meshihata = halakha shel ha-mashiah, i.e., a law that will only be enacted in Messianic times.

And your last paragraph, well, right on!

[identity profile] debka-notion.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 06:01 pm (UTC)(link)
If you find anything like that first point, let me know, ok? I'd be amused. I've never seen anything of the sort, besides the (I think Hasidic) notion that either aliyah 3 or 6 is better in some way, and therefore giving it to their rebbeim...

If someone were to get grumpy about such stuff while I was gabbaying, I'd probably just offer them hagbah, which I'm told gives one much more acquired merit, and would solve the problem of finding someone to do hagbah all at once.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 06:25 pm (UTC)(link)
I think this is said about gelilah, probably because it's the weediest honor ;-) (and I think, unlike hagbah, there's no halakhic significance to gelilah, but I need to check that).

Litvaks give their rebbe the 3rd aliyah and hasidim give their rebbe the 6th. When I was at the CY, I gave R. Roth the 3rd aliyah and R. Schindler the 6th. I don't think anyone got it, perhaps including themselves ;-)

It's Gelilah.

[identity profile] gimmelgirl.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 10:16 pm (UTC)(link)
Actually in the Talmud (Megillah 52a), Rabbi Yehoshuah ben Levi states:
"Of the ten people who form a minyan to read in the Torah, the one who rolls up the scroll gains more merit than all the rest put together."

Re: It's Gelilah.

[identity profile] shirei-shibolim.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:29 am (UTC)(link)
Because it's so tricky! I think whoever does petiha should get even more zekhut, since the mechanics are different in every synagogue and the poteah is therefore prone to look silly.

Re: It's Gelilah.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:28 pm (UTC)(link)
Took me a sec to find it (it's Megillah 32a). To paraphrase another movie, I think "that's not the gelilah you're looking for." Rashi there: "The one who rolls the Torah -- from one subject to another, which is done by an individual with the sefer Torah resting on his knees."

[identity profile] shirei-shibolim.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:28 am (UTC)(link)
Litvaks give their rebbe the 3rd aliyah and hasidim give their rebbe the 6th.

That's not always true. Some Lubovitchers give their rebbe the third. :)

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:18 pm (UTC)(link)
Sorry, I thought we were talking about Jewish practices.

Ba-dum-cha, thank you David Berger!

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[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com - 2006-12-22 02:33 (UTC) - Expand

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[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com - 2006-12-22 03:23 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] debka-notion.livejournal.com 2006-12-25 04:25 pm (UTC)(link)
"I'll concede that I have the requite hours. I hold two degrees- a baccalaureate in humane arts... meaning I squeaked through... and a doctorate from an old and prestigious school- a Ph.D. in eduction.'
'Zebediah! You wouldn't!' (I was horrififed)
'But I did, Deety. To prove that degrees per se are worthless. Often they are honorifics of true scientists or learned scholars or inspired teachers. Much more frequently they are false faces for overeducated jackasses.'
...
"Grandpa Zach was as contankerous an old coot as you'll ever meet. hated government, hated lawyers, hated civil servants, hated preachers, hated automobiles, public schools and telephones, was comtemptuous of most editors, most writers, most professors, ost of almost anthing. But he overtipped waitresses and porters and would go out of his way to avoid stepping on an insect.
Grandpa had three doctorates: biochemistry, medicine and law- and he regarded anyone who couldn't read Latin, greek, Hebrew, French and German as illiterate."
-Robert Heinlein, Number of the Beast p. 79 (in my copy)

Just felt so relevant I wanted to tack it on here.

[identity profile] gimmelgirl.livejournal.com 2006-12-20 10:10 pm (UTC)(link)
Yes, thank you for catching my extraneous transliterated dagesh. I tend to be a bit sloppy on these fora.

The calling formula is as it is indicated in the "Yad LaTorah" rabbis manual, and as Rabbi Joel Roth instructed us. No idea why.

Honorifics that are earned stay. You don't get a "better" aliyah because you're moreinu harav, but you still get to be moreinu harav, so in that sense, we're still not distinguishing between people.

[identity profile] shirei-shibolim.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:31 am (UTC)(link)
I tend to be a bit sloppy on these fora.

You mean forums. Or better, forumses.

[identity profile] gimmelgirl.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:43 am (UTC)(link)
No, I meant "fora," as I was likening the communities of livejournal to the ancient Roman public squares or marketplaces used for judicial and other business.

Or better, forumopotomi.

[identity profile] shirei-shibolim.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:51 am (UTC)(link)
Yes, I caught that.

You know, technically forum just means "hole in the ground," which nicely sums up some LJ communities I know of.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:17 pm (UTC)(link)
True, you're not distinguishing between people in terms of the aliyot, but you're doing something much worse (according to the pure egalitarian principle you articulated earlier in the thread), which is distinguishing between people in reality. I would assume the former is supposed to be symbolic of the actualization of this principle in society in general. And my kashya stands -- why should the egalitarian principle be violated for "earned honorifics" and not for every person's unique accomplishments?

[identity profile] gimmelgirl.livejournal.com 2006-12-21 03:54 pm (UTC)(link)
I disagree with your kashya - I think that calling someone "my teacher" or "my rabbi," (last I checked we don't call people up as "doctor") - does highlight his or her individual accomplishments, unlike the kahuna which is a (doubtful) indication of someone's birth.

[identity profile] hotshot2000.livejournal.com 2006-12-22 02:19 am (UTC)(link)
Unless the person is a communal leader, they are called up as haRav, which just the rabbinic equivalent of Dr., and just as doubtful an indicator of their merit as ha-kohen is of their lineage.* I'm not so clear on why putting something particularistic in front of the name is so different than putting something particularistic in back of the name, given that both violate the principle of not distinguishing between people that's under discussion.

Honoring a communal leader by calling them up as "moreinu ve-rabbeinu" is emminently reasonable as long as it's done regardless of title (and I'm pretty sure the Ortho-egal minyan at Pardes called up our female teachers w/o semikha as moreinu, and perhaps rabbeinu), but once you've done that, why not have a special aliyah set aside for them as well?

*(And to some degree, it matters much less to me whether they actually go back to Aharon ha-Kohen than that we can maintain a plausible enough local family story that then ties into the greater story of the Jewish people -- i.e., we should have a statistically reasonable number of kohanim and levi'im who can prove their ancestry for a few generations to create plausibility.)

[identity profile] debka-notion.livejournal.com 2006-12-24 02:14 am (UTC)(link)
What makes someone a communal leader though? At least "my teacher" qualifies as a direct-judgement call, so it's relational rather than a matter of necessary achievement or not, if the gabbay is allowed to choose when to use the title or not... (Rather like when I heard someone call up his granddaughter as nekhdati, or some such.) But I'd guess that the gabbay isn't so allowed.

And in a shul that duchens, it is a mark of something they do for the community, no? So if one's community were to do both, even though that opens another can of worms...